Maputo is the capital city of Mozambique, and was once known as Lourenzo Marques, named after the Portugese navigator who discovered the area in the 1500's. Maputo has been the capital of Mozambique since 1898. The city is famous for its broad avenues, which are lined with jacarandas and acacias, undoubtedly some of the finest avenues of Africa. Maputo is literally a melting pot of several cultures, with a strong South African influence. Although the Bantu and Portuguese cultures dominate the city, the influence of Arab, Indian, and Chinese cultures are also present. The cuisine is diverse, owing especially to the Portuguese and Muslim heritage, and seafood is also quite abundant. Maputo was designed in grid format during the Portuguese colonial times and it is easy for the first time visitor to find his way around. Maputo is an important port and one of the main export ports for South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Maputo has plenty of attractions for the visitor, ranging from historical buildings to scenic spots. The downtown part of the city is the Baixa, which is home to many shops and banks. The Museum of Natural History in Maputo is worth paying a visit, housing a unique exhibit displaying what is probably the region's only collection of elephant phoetuses; a magnificent insect collection and a wildlife tableau with roaring lions and various other sound effects. The Museum of the Revolution illustrates the story of the people's struggle against Portuguese colonialism. The Art Museum shows exhibitions of the best of Mozambican paintings and sculptures and there is a Money Museum where visitors can see various forms of currency from days gone by. There is also a Museum of Geology.

A focal point in the city is the Praca de Independencia, a wide plaza rimmed on one side by the soaring white spire of the Roman Catholic cathedral. Around it are a statue of the country's first president, Samora Machel; the neo-classical Conselho Municipal or City Hall and the French-Mozambican cultural centre, a splendid old colonial building which has been tastefully restored and now presents various art exhibitions. Another attraction is the Casa de Ferro, or Iron house which was designed my Gustave Eiffel in the late nineteenth century as a residence for the governor, though its metal plated exterior proved to be unsuitable for tropical conditions. Situated near the centre of Maputo is the Fortaleza, a Portuguese fort with cannons pointed out to sea. In the Fortaleza lie the remains of Ngungunyana, who was once the ruler of the old Gaza Empire. He lost his life in a failed attempt to defeat the Portuguese at the end of the 19th century.

The remains of Mondlane, Machel and a number of other Mozambican national heroes are enshrined in a star shaped monument in the Praca dos Herois, which also boasts a large mural which depicts the country's centuries of struggle. In Maputo's Lhanguene cemetery one can find the gravestones of South African liberation personalities, killed in Maputo by apartheid shock troops, poisoners and senders of letter bombs.